Chemistry Column Chromatography Lab Report

Write a lab report.

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Chromatography Formal Report Rubric (Partial Report, 40 pts)
You must use Lab Report Template to compose your report. Please refer to Lab Report Format document
and Sample Report provided in E-Notebook and Lab Report Materials module on Canvas for general
guidelines. You need to complete the following parts of Column Chromatography report:
_____ Title and Authors’ names: 1 pt (-0.25 pt if incomplete or incorrect format)
Introduction (10 pts):
Introduction is the place where you provide the context for readers and give general and special background
information about the methods and/or reactions used in this study. Do not discuss the procedure or your results in
this section!
____ Provide a clear statement of the primary objective of the lab and all minor (or secondary) goals (2 pts)
____ Describe column chromatography technique. Explain the underlying principle and factors affecting
separation of organic compounds (focus on normal phase column chromatography) (4 pts)
____ Describe the principles of TLC (thin-layer chromatography) and its application (4 pts)
Results and Discussion:
Here you discuss how you performed the experiment and what results and data were collected. You also draw
conclusions and discuss experimental errors and mistakes that occurred during the lab. You can use schemes,
figures, and tables to present your data and to aid your discussion.
____ Describe the column set up, include a picture (either ChemDraw or photo taken in the lab, but not a copypasted image from the handout or an online source). Discuss packing of the column and sample loading (3 pts)
____ Explain why it is important to load the sample using minimum amount of eluent (2 pt)
____ Describe all visual observations during separation of compounds on the column (2 pts)
____ Include drawing of the TLC plates (using ChemDraw or a photo from your lab), with start and finish line,
spots circled, eluent composition, Rf values, color of spots, if observed (4 pts).
____ Why is it important to saturate the TLC chamber and how is it accomplished? (2 pts)
____ Discuss TLC analysis of your column fractions. What did you observe and what conclusion was made based
on this analysis? (2 pts)
____ Describe identification of unknown by co-spotting samples on TLC. What did you observe? Did it help rule
out some of the options? (2 pts)
____ Why the TLC results alone cannot be used as a proof of unknown’s identity? (1 pt)
____ Describe mixed melting point results; identify the unknown sample (2 pts)
____ Experiment-specific sources of error and method limitations. Mistakes, if any, which are not errors in the
scientific context, should also be mentioned. If two compounds did not separate completely, what would you
change in your set up to achieve full separation next time? (3 pts)
____ Conclusion paragraph, summarizing key points, methods, and including main data, such as and m.p. of the
product. If you have not completed all steps, only mention the parts that were completed, with respective data (3
pts)
Overall writing: introduction and discussion contain all necessary and appropriate information that is relevant for
each specific section of the report. Writing follows a logical sequence, is written in scientific English, and is
properly supported by literature references (3 pts)
Late submission deduction (-10%/24 hrs)
Incorrect format (altered template) and/or not readable submission (up to 2 pts deduction)
COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY
Obtain a sample of unknown containing 60-70% of one compound of low polarity (biphenyl
(mp 70 oC), naphthalene (mp 80 oC), or fluorene (mp 111 oC)) and 30-40% of 9-fluorenone
(yellow-colored, polar compound). Weigh 250 mg of the sample into a 25 mL Erlenmeyer
flask. Add 1.5-2 mL (use minimum amount) of a 1:1 hexane-methylene chloride mixture to
the flask; swirl the flask and set it aside to let the sample dissolve completely.
Part I. Chromatographic Column Preparation
1. Clamp the chromatography column in a vertical
position with its stopcock closed. Using air flow,
insert loosely a small plug of cotton into the bottom of
the column. Cover the cotton plug with ~ 1 cm of dry
sand; add ca. 4 inches of hexane to the column. Open
the stopcock and let some hexane flow into a flask. If
the solvent flow is slow (dripping 1-2 drops/sec rather
than streaming), that means your cotton plug is too
tight and you need to start over.
2. Place a dry, clean funnel on top of the column;
slowly add ~ 12-13 g of dry silica gel while constantly
tapping the column. Add enough silica gel to form a
column of ca. 2 inch tall (up to 3.5 inch for narrower
columns). Be careful not to let eluent level fall below
the top of the column of adsorbent, add more hexane
if needed. When enough silica gel has been added,
wash the inner walls of the column with small amount
of hexane.
3. Allow the adsorbent to settle completely by running the eluent through the column and
collecting it in a 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask. Do not drain the solvent below the level of silica
gel (leave a ca. 2 cm layer). Close the stopcock and fill the column to almost the top with the
collected eluent, then add ca. 0.5 cm of sand. Finally, drain the eluent until the solvent level
reaches just to the top of the silica gel.
Part II. Chromatographic Separation
1. Load the solution of the unknown on the column using a Pasteur pipet. Drain until the
liquid level is at the top of the adsorbent. Rinse the Erlenmeyer flask with ca. 1 mL of the
95:5 hexane-methylene chloride solution; transfer the rinse on the column with the pipet;
drain.
2. Carefully fill the column with the first eluent (95:5 hexane-methylene chloride). Prepare
four clean Erlenmeyer flasks, label them 1 through 5. Run the eluent through the column;
collecting ~25 mL portions into Erlenmeyer flasks #1-3. If any eluent is left on top the
column at this point, drain it into the third flask.
3. Add to the column ~35 mL of methylene chloride. Observe the yellow band moving
down the column, collecting the eluent into the 4th flask, up to the point when the yellow
band reaches the bottom of silica gel layer (i.e., stop just before yellow spot hits the bottom
sand layer). Switch the flask to #5 and collect the yellow fraction until it has been completely
eluted off the sorbent (30-35 mL).
Part III. Analysis and Identification of Unknown
1. Spot all five collected fractions on a TLC plate. On the same TLC plate, spot a sample of
your original mixture. Use a 1:1 mixture of hexane-methylene chloride as the eluent to
develop your TLC. Visualize the spots using UV lamp, be sure to circle the spots. Determine
which fractions contain a non-polar compound, and which ones have the polar compound.
Based on the TLC analysis, combine only the fractions containing the top (non-polar)
compound in a 100 mL round-bottom flask.
2. To identify the unknown compound, prepare a TLC plate, as shown.
On all of the three dashes, spot (only once!) the collected solution
containing unknown (U). Let the spots dry. Wash the spotter or change it
for a new one. Prepare three sample solutions of biphenyl, naphthalene,
and fluorene by dissolving a few crystals of each in 2 mL of DCM. Spot
each of them once on the corresponding dash (i.e., spot biphenyl on B,
naphthalene on N, and fluorene on F). Be sure to clean your spotter
between the samples.
U/B U/N U/F
3. Develop the TLC plate once using pure hexane as eluent. Visualize
the spots under UV lamp. If Rf of the spots is less than 0.3, develop the
TLC plate in hexane one more time. Which of the three samples gave a
single spot on the TLC? Be sure to redraw or take pictures of all TLC
plates and include them in your data sheet and lab notebook.
4. Evaporate the solvent from the round-bottom flask containing the unknown. Use the
method of mixed melting points to confirm the identity of the unknown.
TITLE The title should match the experiment title in the corresponding handout
AUTHOR NAMES Include your name, your lab partner’s name and the name of your section TA. Use
first names, initials, and surnames (e.g., John R. Smith) or first initials, second names, and surnames
(e.g., J. Robert Smith). Your name must be designated with an asterisk; your teaching assistant’s name
should be marked with “(TA)”. Example: Marina Rubina,* Vladimir A. Maslivetc, Michael Rubin (TA).
AUTHOR ADDRESS The affiliation should be the teaching laboratory where the work was conducted. Example: Organic
Chemistry II Laboratory, 4022 Malott Hall, Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas
Date the report is due. Example: February 5, 2018
ABSTRACT: All reports must be accompanied by an abstract. The abstract should briefly state the problem or purpose of the
experiment, indicate the theoretical or experimental plan used, summarize the principal findings, and point out the major conclusions.
Abstract length is one paragraph, not exceeding 100 words. Example: 5-Acetylindane was obtained in 66% yield by Friedel-Crafts
acylation reaction between indane and acetic anhydride. The reaction course was monitored by TLC. Product was purified by column
chromatography. The purity of product was confirmed by melting point measurement. IR spectrum of the product was recoded and
analyzed to confirm the presence of the acetyl group.
INTRODUCTION
The introduction section provides a context for the experiment that you are reporting. This section should include any
background information that is necessary to understand the experiment. Also, include reference to the reaction equation and
mechanism (where applicable). For example: See Scheme 1 in
Supporting Information for a detailed reaction mechanism.
Do not modify the font in this or any other section, as doing
so will not give an accurate estimate of the formatting and will
result in point deduction. Remember to add citations to any
source from which you obtain information, including lab
handout, textbook, on-line resources, etc. References must be
listed in order of appearance, using format provided below in
REFERENCES section.
A separate paragraph at the end of this section should describe the conclusions that you have drawn from the experiment. Be specific and concise while summarizing the most important ideas related to the experiment.
FIGURES Use this option if you want to include any pictures in
the body of your report. Using scans or photos of hand drawn pictures is acceptable. Alternatively, you can reference hand drawn
figures from the Supporting Information (see below). Each figure
must have a caption that includes the figure number and a brief description, preferably one or two sentences. The caption should follow the format “Figure 1. Figure caption.” Example:
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This is the section where you state the results and discuss the
outcome of the experiment. Both synthetic outcome (where applicable) and analytical data must be adequately interpreted.
Although you should focus on your own results, it is often appropriate to compare against the values obtained by another
group or published in literature. As in all sections, be sure to
cite any sources of information that you did not obtain yourself.
The discussion is very important, because it is the section where
you can show your TA that you really understand the outcome
of the experiment. Be sure to answer all the questions that were
posed in the lab handouts and the lab report rubric. Discuss all
possible sources of error, systematic or random, and how you
might be able to improve the results if you were to repeat the
experiment.
Figure 1. Temperature dependence of solubility of sugar and salt in
water.
All figures must be mentioned in the text consecutively and numbered with Arabic numerals. The caption should be understandable
without reference to the text. To insert the figure into the template,
be sure it is already sized appropriately and paste before the figure
caption.
SCHEMES Use this option if you want to include any
schemes (reaction equations and mechanisms) in the body
of your report. You must use structure drawing software
(such as ChemDraw or ChemSketch). Using scans or photos
of hand drawn schemes will result in -1 pt deduction for
each scheme. Schemes may have brief titles describing their
contents. The title should follow the format “Scheme 1.
Scheme Title”. To insert the scheme into the template, be
sure it is already sized appropriately and paste after the
scheme title.
Example:
Scheme 1. Friedel-Crafts acylation of indane.
TABLES. Each table must have a brief (one phrase or sentence) title that describes its contents. The title should follow
the format “Table 1. Table Title”. The title should be understandable without reference to the text. Example:
Table 1. Selectivity in Hydroboration-Oxidation of 1-Hexene
Markovnikov product (1)
anti-Markovnikov product (2)
Rt, min
GC Area %
1.26
1.60
5.2
94.8
Tables should be simple and concise. It is preferable to use the
Table Tool in your word-processing package, placing one entry
per cell, to generate tables.
Mathematical equations can be inserted where desired making sure they are assigned Word Style “Normal”.
EXPERIMENTAL
The first paragraph of experimental section should list all significant
equipment used to perform the experiment. You should mention the
name and model of the instruments used. For example: Melting point
data were obtained using SRS DigiMelt melting point apparatus. Optical rotation was measured using AUTOPOL IV polarimeter. You need
not list rotavaps, vacuum pumps, stirring hot plates, or balances.
The second paragraph should include a detailed protocol, which
should be written as a description of what was done, not as a procedure.
It should start with the name of compound being synthesized and include all important analytical data obtained as a proof of structure and
purity. Example:
1-(3-Fluorophenyl)-N,N-dimethylcycloprop-2-ene-1-carboxamide: A flame-dried round bottom 25 mL flask was charged with 1(3-fluorophenyl)cycloprop-2-ene-1-carboxylic acid (375 mg, 2.11
mmol, 1.00 equiv.), DMF (1 drop) and freshly distilled anhydrous
dichloromethane (15 ml) under nitrogen atmosphere. Oxalyl chloride
(271 μL, 401 mg, 3.16 mmol, 1.50 equiv.) was then added dropwise
and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The solution
was concentrated under reduced pressure to provide a pale yellow solid
residue, which was dissolved in anhydrous dichloromethane (5.0 mL)
and added dropwise to a solution of dimethylamine (40% water solution) (528 μL, 474 mg, 4.21 mmol, 2.00 equiv.) and triethylamine (608
μL, 426 mg, 4.21 mmol, 2.00 equiv.) in dichloromethane (10.0 mL).
The reaction mixture was stirred for 18 hours at RT and then partitioned
between water and dichloromethane. The aqueous phase was acidified
with 1N HCl to pH 2. The organic phase was then extracted with acidified water (pH 2, 3 x 10 mL). The combined aqueous layers were backextracted once with dichloromethane, which was combined with other
organic phases, washed with brine, dried with MgSO4, filtered, and
concentrated. The product was purified by column chromatography on
Silica gel to afford the title compound as a colorless crystalline solid,
mp 109.2-109.3 C, Rf 0.16 (Hexanes/ EtOAc 1:1). Yield 346 mg (1.67
mmol, 80%). 1H NMR (500 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.30 – 7.22 (m,
2H), 7.21 (s, 2H), 6.92 – 6.86 (m, 2H), 6.79 (m, 1H), 2.99 (s, 3H), 2.91
(s, 3H); 13C NMR (126 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 173.2, 163.1 (d, J =
246.1 Hz), 146.2 (d, J = 6.5 Hz), 130.0 (d, J = 8.9 Hz) (+), 121.5 (d, J
= 2.7 Hz) (+), 113.2 (d, J = 21.0 Hz) (+), 112.7 (d, J = 21.9 Hz) (+),
108.8 (+), 37.40 (+), 35.1 (+), 31.6 (d, J = 2.5 Hz); FT IR (NaCl, cm1
): 3119, 3076, 2931, 1645, 1623, 1584, 1486, 1398, 1265, 1116, 1026,
859, 787, 695, 657, 609; HRMS (TOF ES): found 228.0809, calculated
for C12H12FNONa (M+Na) 228.0801 (3.5 ppm).
Supporting Information
A listing of the contents of all attached notebook pages, drawings, schemes, and tables that are not already included in the body
of the report, as well as spectra charts, should be mentioned in this
section. Example: Experimental data from notebook (2 pages), reaction equation and mechanism, UV spectrum of product (name of
the compound).
REFERENCES
References are placed at the end of the report. Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of all references. You can also
consult Chapter 14 of The ACS Style Guide (3rd ed., 2006, Oxford
University Press; see http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/bk-2006STYG.ch014) for the appropriate formats to use in citations of journal
papers, books, and other publications.
Examples:
(1)
Dynamic Studies in Biology: Phototriggers, Photoswitches
and Caged Molecules; Goeldner, M.; Givens, R., Eds.; Wiley-VCH:
New York, 2005.
(2)
Klan, P.; Solomek, T.; Bochet, C. G.; Blanc, A.; Givens, R.;
Rubina, M.; Popik, V.; Kostikov, A.; Wirz, J. Chem. Rev. 2013, 113,
119.
(3)
ACS Publications Division Home Page. http://pubs.acs.org
(accessed Nov 7, 2004).
SIGMA-ALDRICH
Material Safety Data Sheet
Version 3.1
Revision Date 11/04/2007
Print Date 07/06/2009
1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
Product name
:
Ethyl acetate
Product Number
Brand
:
:
E7770
Sigma
Company
:
Telephone
Fax
Emergency Phone #
:
:
:
Sigma-Aldrich
3050 Spruce Street
SAINT LOUIS MO 63103
USA
+1 800-325-5832
+1 800-325-5052
(314) 776-6555
2. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
Formula
Molecular Weight
:
:
C4H8O2
88.11 g/mol
CAS-No.
EC-No.
Index-No.
Concentration
Ethyl acetate
141-78-6
205-500-4
607-022-00-5
–
3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
Emergency Overview
OSHA Hazards
Flammable Liquid
Target Organ Effect
Irritant
Target Organs
Blood, Kidney, Liver, Central nervous system
HMIS Classification
Health Hazard: 2
Chronic Health Hazard: *
Flammability: 3
Physical hazards: 1
NFPA Rating
Health Hazard: 2
Fire : 3
Reactivity Hazard: 1
Health Hazard: 2
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Fire : 3
Reactivity Hazard: 1
Potential Health Effects
Inhalation
Skin
Eyes
Ingestion
Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness. May be harmful if inhaled.
Causes respiratory tract irritation.
Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking. May be harmful if
absorbed through skin. Causes skin irritation.
Causes eye irritation.
May be harmful if swallowed.
4. FIRST AID MEASURES
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.Move out of dangerous area.
If inhaled
If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing give artificial respiration Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact
Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
If swallowed
Do NOT induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult
a physician.
5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES
Flammable properties
Flash point
-3.0 °C (26.6 °F) – closed cup
Ignition temperature
427 °C (801 °F)
Suitable extinguishing media
For small (incipient) fires, use media such as “alcohol” foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. For large fires, apply
water from as far as possible. Use very large quantities (flooding) of water applied as a mist or spray; solid streams of
water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.
Special protective equipment for fire-fighters
Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.
Further information
Use water spray to cool unopened containers.
6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
Personal precautions
Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all
sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapours accumulating to form explosive
concentrations. Vapours can accumulate in low areas.
Environmental precautions
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains.
Methods for cleaning up
Contain spillage, and then collect with non-combustible absorbent material, (e.g. sand, earth, diatomaceous earth,
vermiculite) and place in container for disposal according to local / national regulations (see section 13).
7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
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Handling
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.
Keep away from sources of ignition – No smoking. Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.
Storage
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully
resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Store in cool place.
8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
Components with workplace control parameters
Components
CAS-No.
Value
Control
parameters
Ethyl acetate
141-78-6
TWA
400 ppm
1,440 mg/m3
Remarks
Refers to Appendix A — Carcinogens.
1996 Adoption
TWA
400 ppm
1,400 mg/m3
TWA
400 ppm
1,400 mg/m3
Update
Basis
1996-05-18
US. American Conference
of Governmental and
Industrial Hygienists
Threshold Limit Values for
Chemical Substances in the
Work Environment; Annual
Reports for the Year
2004:Committees on
Threshold Limit Values
(TLVs ) and Biological
Exposure Indices (BEIs)
1989-03-01
US. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and
Health Administration
(OSHA) 29 CFR 1910.1000
Z-1-A
1993-06-30
US. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and
Health Administration
(OSHA) Permissible
Exposure Limits (PEL) 29
CFR 1910.1000 Air
Contaminants.
Personal protective equipment
Respiratory protection
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multipurpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If
the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and
components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Hand protection
Handle with gloves.
Eye protection
Safety glasses
Skin and body protection
Choose body protection according to the amount and concentration of the dangerous substance at the work
place.
Hygiene measures
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end
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of workday.
9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Appearance
Form
clear, liquid
Colour
colourless
Safety data
pH
no data available
Melting point
-84.0 °C (-119.2 °F)
Boiling point
76.5 – 77.5 °C (169.7 – 171.5 °F)
Flash point
-3.0 °C (26.6 °F) – closed cup
Ignition temperature
427 °C (801 °F)
Lower explosion limit
2.2 %(V)
Upper explosion limit
11.5 %(V)
Vapour pressure
97.3 hPa (73.0 mmHg) at 20.0 °C (68.0 °F)
Density
0.90 g/cm3
Water solubility
soluble
Partition coefficient:
n-octanol/water
log Pow: 0.73
10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Storage stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Conditions to avoid
Heat, flames and sparks.
Materials to avoid
Strong oxidizing agents
Hazardous decomposition products
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. – Carbon oxides
Hazardous reactions
Vapours may form explosive mixture with air.
11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Acute toxicity
LD50 Oral – rat – 5,620 mg/kg
LC50 Inhalation – mouse – 2 h – 45,000 mg/m3
LD50 Dermal – rabbit – > 180,000 mg/kg
Irritation and corrosion
no data available
Sensitisation
no data available
Chronic exposure
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This product is or contains a component that is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity based on its IARC, ACGIH,
NTP, or EPA classification.
IARC:
No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as
probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.
ACGIH:
No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as
a carcinogen or potential carcinogen by ACGIH.
NTP:
No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as
a known or anticipated carcinogen by NTP.
OSHA:
No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as
a carcinogen or potential carcinogen by OSHA.
Signs and Symptoms of Exposure
Central nervous system depression, Drowsiness, narcosis, anemia
Potential Health Effects
Inhalation
Skin
Eyes
Ingestion
Target Organs
Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness. May be harmful if inhaled.
Causes respiratory tract irritation.
Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking. May be harmful if
absorbed through skin. Causes skin irritation.
Causes eye irritation.
May be harmful if swallowed.
Blood, Kidney, Liver, Central nervous system,
12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Elimination information (persistence and degradability)
no data available
Ecotoxicity effects
Toxicity to fish
LC50 – Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) – 350.00 – 600.00 mg/l – 96 h
LC50 – Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) – 220.00 – 250.00 mg/l – 96 h
Toxicity to daphnia
and other aquatic
invertebrates.
EC50 – Daphnia magna (Water flea) – 2,300.00 – 3,090.00 mg/l – 24 h
LC50 – Daphnia magna (Water flea) – 560 mg/l – 48 h
Toxicity to algae
EC50 – No information available. – 4,300.00 mg/l – 24 h
EC50 – SELENASTRUM – 1,800.00 – 3,200.00 mg/l – 72 h
Further information on ecology
no data available
13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Product
Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this
material is highly flammable. Observe all federal, state, and local environmental regulations. Contact a licensed
professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging
Dispose of as unused product.
14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
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DOT (US)
UN-Number: 1173 Class: 3
Proper shipping name: Ethyl acetate
IMDG
UN-Number: 1173 Class: 3
Proper shipping name: ETHYL ACETATE
Marine pollutant: No
IATA
UN-Number: 1173 Class: 3
Proper shipping name: Ethyl acetate
Packing group: II
Packing group: II
EMS-No: F-E, S-D
Packing group: II
15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
OSHA Hazards
Flammable Liquid, Target Organ Effect, Irritant
TSCA Status
On TSCA Inventory
DSL Status
All components of this product are on the Canadian DSL list.
SARA 302 Components
SARA 302: No chemicals in this material are subject to the reporting requirements of SARA Title III, Section 302.
SARA 313 Components
SARA 313: This material does not contain any chemical components with known CAS numbers that exceed the
threshold (De Minimis) reporting levels established by SARA Title III, Section 313.
SARA 311/312 Hazards
Fire Hazard, Acute Health Hazard, Chronic Health Hazard
Massachusetts Right To Know Components
Ethyl acetate
CAS-No.
141-78-6
Revision Date
1989-12-01
CAS-No.
141-78-6
Revision Date
1989-12-01
CAS-No.
141-78-6
Revision Date
1989-12-01
Pennsylvania Right To Know Components
Ethyl acetate
New Jersey Right To Know Components
Ethyl acetate
California Prop. 65 Components
This product does not contain any chemicals known to State of California to cause cancer, birth, or any other
reproductive defects.
16. OTHER INFORMATION
Further information
Copyright 2007 Sigma-Aldrich Co. License granted to make unlimited paper copies for internal use only.
The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a
guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the
product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the
product. Sigma-Aldrich Co., shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with
the above product. See reverse side of invoice or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale.
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SIGMA-ALDRICH
Material Safety Data Sheet
Version 3.3
Revision Date 03/25/2009
Print Date 07/06/2009
1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
Product name
:
Hexane
Product Number
Brand
:
:
270504
Sigma-Aldrich
Company
:
Telephone
Fax
Emergency Phone #
:
:
:
Sigma-Aldrich
3050 Spruce Street
SAINT LOUIS MO 63103
USA
+1 800-325-5832
+1 800-325-5052
(314) 776-6555
2. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
Synonyms
:
n-Hexane
Formula
Molecular Weight
:
:
C6H14
86.18 g/mol
CAS-No.
EC-No.
Index-No.
Concentration
n-Hexane
110-54-3
203-777-6
601-037-00-0
–
3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
Emergency Overview
OSHA Hazards
Flammable Liquid, Target Organ Effect, Irritant, Reproductive hazard
Target Organs
Peripheral nervous system., Kidney, Testes.
HMIS Classification
Health Hazard:
Chronic Health Hazard:
Flammability:
Physical hazards:
2
*
3
0
NFPA Rating
Health Hazard:
Fire:
Reactivity Hazard:
2
3
0
Potential Health Effects
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Inhalation
Skin
Eyes
Ingestion
May be harmful if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation. Vapours may cause
drowsiness and dizziness.
May be harmful if absorbed through skin. Causes skin irritation.
Causes eye irritation.
Aspiration hazard if swallowed – can enter lungs and cause damage. May be
harmful if swallowed.
4. FIRST AID MEASURES
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.Move out of dangerous area.
If inhaled
If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing give artificial respiration Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact
Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
If swallowed
Do NOT induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult
a physician.
5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES
Flammable properties
Flash point
-26.0 °C (-14.8 °F) – closed cup
Ignition temperature
234 °C (453 °F)
Suitable extinguishing media
For small (incipient) fires, use media such as “alcohol” foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. For large fires, apply
water from as far as possible. Use very large quantities (flooding) of water applied as a mist or spray; solid streams of
water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.
Special protective equipment for fire-fighters
Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.
Further information
Use water spray to cool unopened containers.
6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
Personal precautions
Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all
sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapours accumulating to form explosive
concentrations. Vapours can accumulate in low areas.
Environmental precautions
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment
must be avoided.
Methods for cleaning up
Contain spillage, and then collect with non-combustible absorbent material, (e.g. sand, earth, diatomaceous earth,
vermiculite) and place in container for disposal according to local / national regulations (see section 13).
7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
Handling
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.
Keep away from sources of ignition – No smoking. Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.
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Storage
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully
resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Store in cool place.
8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION
Components with workplace control parameters
Components
CAS-No.
Value
Control
parameters
50 ppm
Update
Basis
n-Hexane
110-54-3
TWA
2007-01-01
USA. ACGIH Threshold
Limit Values (TLV)
Remarks
Central Nervous System impairment Eye irritation Peripheral neuropathy Substances for
which there is a Biological Exposure Index or Indices (see BEI® section) Danger of
cutaneous absorption
TWA
50 ppm
180 mg/m3
1989-01-19
USA. OSHA – TABLE Z-1
Limits for Air Contaminants
– 1910.1000
TWA
500 ppm
1,800 mg/m3
1997-08-04
USA. Occupational
Exposure Limits (OSHA) Table Z-1 Limits for Air
Contaminants
The value in mg/m3 is approximate.
Personal protective equipment
Respiratory protection
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multipurpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If
the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and
components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Hand protection
Handle with gloves.
Eye protection
Safety glasses
Skin and body protection
Choose body protection according to the amount and concentration of the dangerous substance at the work
place.
Hygiene measures
Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling the
product.
9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Appearance
Form
liquid
Colour
colourless
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Safety data
pH
7.0
Melting point
-95 °C (-139 °F)
Boiling point
69 °C (156 °F)
69 °C (156 °F)
Flash point
-26.0 °C (-14.8 °F) – closed cup
Ignition temperature
234 °C (453 °F)
Lower explosion limit
1.2 %(V)
Upper explosion limit
7.7 %(V)
Vapour pressure
341.3 hPa (256.0 mmHg) at 37.7 °C (99.9 °F)
176.0 hPa (132.0 mmHg) at 20.0 °C (68.0 °F)
Density
0.659 g/mL at 25 °C (77 °F)
Water solubility
insoluble
Partition coefficient:
n-octanol/water
log Pow: 3.90 – 4.11
10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Storage stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Conditions to avoid
Heat, flames and sparks.
Materials to avoid
Oxidizing agents
Hazardous decomposition products
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. – Carbon oxides
Hazardous reactions
Vapours may form explosive mixture with air.
11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Acute toxicity
LD50 Oral – rat – 25,000 mg/kg
LC50 Inhalation – rat – 4 h – 48000 ppm
Irritation and corrosion
Eyes – rabbit – Mild eye irritation
Sensitisation
no data available
Chronic exposure
Carcinogenicity – rat – Inhalation
Tumorigenic:Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria. Tumorigenic Effects: Testicular tumors.
IARC:
Sigma-Aldrich – 270504
No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as
probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.
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ACGIH:
No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as
a carcinogen or potential carcinogen by ACGIH.
NTP:
No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as
a known or anticipated carcinogen by NTP.
OSHA:
No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as
a carcinogen or potential carcinogen by OSHA.
Overexposure may cause reproductive disorder(s) based on tests with laboratory animals.
Signs and Symptoms of Exposure
Prolonged or repeated contact with skin may cause:, defatting, Dermatitis, Contact with eyes can cause:, Redness,
Blurred vision, Provokes tears., Effects due to ingestion may include:, Gastrointestinal discomfort, Central nervous
system depression, Lung irritation, chest pain, pulmonary edema, giddiness, slowed reaction time, slurred speech,
Headache, Dizziness, Drowsiness, Unconsciousness
Potential Health Effects
Inhalation
Skin
Eyes
Ingestion
Target Organs
May be harmful if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation. Vapours may cause
drowsiness and dizziness.
May be harmful if absorbed through skin. Causes skin irritation.
Causes eye irritation.
Aspiration hazard if swallowed – can enter lungs and cause damage. May be
harmful if swallowed.
Peripheral nervous system., Kidney, Testes.,
Additional Information
RTECS: MN9275000
12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Elimination information (persistence and degradability)
no data available
Ecotoxicity effects
Toxicity to fish
LC50 – Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) – 2.5 mg/l – 96 h
Toxicity to daphnia
and other aquatic
invertebrates.
EC50 – Daphnia magna (Water flea) – 3,878.00 mg/l – 48 h
Toxicity to algae
EC50 – Chlorella vulgaris (Fresh water algae) – 12,840.00 mg/l – 3 h
EC50 – SKELETOMA – 0.30 mg/l – 8 h
Further information on ecology
An environmental hazard cannot be excluded in the event of unprofessional handling or disposal.
Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Product
Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this
material is highly flammable. Observe all federal, state, and local environmental regulations. Contact a licensed
professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging
Dispose of as unused product.
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14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
DOT (US)
UN-Number: 1208 Class: 3
Proper shipping name: Hexanes
Marine pollutant: No
Poison Inhalation Hazard: No
IMDG
UN-Number: 1208 Class: 3
Proper shipping name: HEXANES
Marine pollutant: No
IATA
UN-Number: 1208 Class: 3
Proper shipping name: Hexanes
Packing group: II
Packing group: II
EMS-No: F-E, S-D
Packing group: II
15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
OSHA Hazards
Flammable Liquid, Target Organ Effect, Irritant, Reproductive hazard
DSL Status
All components of this product are on the Canadian DSL list.
SARA 302 Components
SARA 302: No chemicals in this material are subject to the reporting requirements of SARA Title III, Section 302.
SARA 313 Components
n-Hexane
CAS-No.
110-54-3
Revision Date
2007-07-01
CAS-No.
110-54-3
Revision Date
2007-07-01
CAS-No.
110-54-3
Revision Date
2007-07-01
CAS-No.
110-54-3
Revision Date
2007-07-01
SARA 311/312 Hazards
Fire Hazard, Acute Health Hazard, Chronic Health Hazard
Massachusetts Right To Know Components
n-Hexane
Pennsylvania Right To Know Components
n-Hexane
New Jersey Right To Know Components
n-Hexane
California Prop. 65 Components
This product does not contain any chemicals known to State of California to cause cancer, birth, or any other
reproductive defects.
16. OTHER INFORMATION
Further information
Copyright 2009 Sigma-Aldrich Co. License granted to make unlimited paper copies for internal use only.
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Page 6 of 7
The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a
guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the
product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the
product. Sigma-Aldrich Co., shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with
the above product. See reverse side of invoice or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale.
Sigma-Aldrich – 270504
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SIGMA-ALDRICH
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
Date Printed: 07/06/2009
Date Updated: 02/23/2009
Version 1.12
Section 1 – Product and Company Information
Product Name
SILICA GEL, TLC HIGH-PURITY GRADE, WITH
GYPSUM BINDER & FLUORESCENT INDICATOR
288551
SIAL
Product Number
Brand
Company
Address
Sigma-Aldrich
3050 Spruce Street
SAINT LOUIS MO 63103 US
800-325-5832
800-325-5052
314-776-6555
Technical Phone:
Fax:
Emergency Phone:
Section 2 – Composition/Information on Ingredient
Substance Name
SILICA, AMORPHOUS, PRECIPITATED
AND GEL
RTECS Number:
CAS #
112926-00-8
SARA 313
No
VV7315000
Section 3 – Hazards Identification
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Caution: Avoid contact and inhalation. Target organ(s): Lungs.
HMIS RATING
HEALTH: 1*
FLAMMABILITY: 0
REACTIVITY: 1
NFPA RATING
HEALTH: 1
FLAMMABILITY: 0
REACTIVITY: 1
*additional chronic hazards present.
For additional information on toxicity, please refer to Section 11.
Section 4 – First Aid Measures
ORAL EXPOSURE
If swallowed, wash out mouth with water provided person is
conscious. Call a physician.
INHALATION EXPOSURE
If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If breathing becomes difficult,
call a physician.
DERMAL EXPOSURE
In case of contact, immediately wash skin with soap and copious
amounts of water.
EYE EXPOSURE
In case of contact with eyes, flush with copious amounts of
water for at least 15 minutes. Assure adequate flushing by
separating the eyelids with fingers. Call a physician.
Section 5 – Fire Fighting Measures
FLASH POINT
N/A
AUTOIGNITION TEMP
N/A
FLAMMABILITY
N/A
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
Suitable: Noncombustible. Use extinguishing media appropriate to
surrounding fire conditions.
FIREFIGHTING
Protective Equipment: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus
and protective clothing to prevent contact with skin and eyes.
Specific Hazard(s): Emits toxic fumes under fire conditions.
Section 6 – Accidental Release Measures
PROCEDURE(S) OF PERSONAL PRECAUTION(S)
Exercise appropriate precautions to minimize direct contact with
skin or eyes and prevent inhalation of dust.
METHODS FOR CLEANING UP
Sweep up, place in a bag and hold for waste disposal. Avoid
raising dust. Ventilate area and wash spill site after material
pickup is complete.
Section 7 – Handling and Storage
HANDLING
User Exposure: Avoid inhalation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin,
and clothing. Avoid prolonged or repeated exposure.
STORAGE
Suitable: Keep tightly closed.
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS
Hygroscopic.
Section 8 – Exposure Controls / PPE
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
Safety shower and eye bath. Mechanical exhaust required.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Respiratory: Use respirators and components tested and approved
under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN
(EU). Respiratory protection is not required. Where protection
from nuisance levels of dusts are desired, use type N95 (US) or
type P1 (EN 143) dust masks.
Hand: Protective gloves.
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2
Eye: Chemical safety goggles.
GENERAL HYGIENE MEASURES
Wash thoroughly after handling.
EXPOSURE LIMITS, RTECS
Country
Source
USA
ACGIH
Remarks: total dust
USA
OSHA.
USA
NIOSH
Type
TWA
Value
10 MG/M3
PEL
TWA
8H TWA 80 MG/M3/%SIO2
6 MG/M3
Section 9 – Physical/Chemical Properties
Appearance
Physical State: Solid
Property
Value
pH
BP/BP Range
MP/MP Range
Freezing Point
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Density
Saturated Vapor Conc.
Bulk Density
Odor Threshold
Volatile%
VOC Content
Water Content
Solvent Content
Evaporation Rate
Viscosity
Surface Tension
Partition Coefficient
Decomposition Temp.
Flash Point
Explosion Limits
Flammability
Autoignition Temp
Refractive Index
Optical Rotation
Miscellaneous Data
Solubility
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
At Temperature or Pressure
N/A = not available
Section 10 – Stability and Reactivity
STABILITY
Stable: Stable.
Conditions to Avoid: Moisture.
Materials to Avoid: Strong acids, Hydrogen fluoride.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nature of decomposition products
not known.
HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur
Section 11 – Toxicological Information
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3
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE
Skin Contact: May cause skin irritation.
Skin Absorption: May be harmful if absorbed through the skin.
Eye Contact: May cause eye irritation.
Inhalation: May be harmful if inhaled. Material may be
irritating to mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract.
Ingestion: May be harmful if swallowed.
TARGET ORGAN(S) OR SYSTEM(S)
Lungs.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF EXPOSURE
To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and
toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated.
Amorphous silica is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity
to humans (Group 3); however, crystalline silica inhaled in the
form of quartz or cristobalite from occupational sources is
carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) (IARC, Vol.: 68 (1997) (p.
41)). Therefore, amorphous silica should be handled as if
possessing the same hazards as the crystalline form.
CHRONIC EXPOSURE – CARCINOGEN
Result: This product is or contains a component that is not
classifiable as to its carcinogenicity based on its IARC, ACGIH,
NTP, or EPA classification.
IARC CARCINOGEN LIST
Rating: Group 3
Section 12 – Ecological Information
No data available.
Section 13 – Disposal Considerations
APPROPRIATE METHOD OF DISPOSAL OF SUBSTANCE OR PREPARATION
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose
of this material. Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible
solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an
afterburner and scrubber. Observe all federal, state, and local
environmental regulations.
Section 14 – Transport Information
DOT
Proper Shipping Name: None
Non-Hazardous for Transport: This substance is
considered to be non-hazardous for transport.
IATA
Non-Hazardous for Air Transport: Non-hazardous for air
transport.
Section 15 – Regulatory Information
EU ADDITIONAL CLASSIFICATION
S: 22-24/25
Safety Statements: Do not breathe dust. Avoid contact with skin
and eyes.
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US CLASSIFICATION AND LABEL TEXT
US Statements: Caution: Avoid contact and inhalation. Target
organ(s): Lungs.
UNITED STATES REGULATORY INFORMATION
SARA LISTED: No
Section 16 – Other Information
DISCLAIMER
For R&D use only. Not for drug, household or other uses.
WARRANTY
The above information is believed to be correct but does not
purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The
information in this document is based on the present state of our
knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to
appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any
guarantee of the properties of the product. Sigma-Aldrich Inc.,
shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or
from contact with the above product. See reverse side of invoice
or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale.
Copyright 2009 Sigma-Aldrich Co. License granted to make unlimited
paper copies for internal use only.
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SIGMA-ALDRICH
Material Safety Data Sheet
Version 3.6
Revision Date 08/12/2009
Print Date 09/08/2009
1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
Product name
:
Dichloromethane
Product Number
Brand
:
:
443484
Sigma-Aldrich
Company
:
Telephone
Fax
Emergency Phone #
:
:
:
Sigma-Aldrich
3050 Spruce Street
SAINT LOUIS MO 63103
USA
+1 800-325-5832
+1 800-325-5052
(314) 776-6555
2. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
Synonyms
:
Methylene chloride
Formula
Molecular Weight
:
:
CH2Cl2
84.93 g/mol
CAS-No.
EC-No.
Index-No.
Concentration
Methylene chloride
75-09-2
200-838-9
602-004-00-3
>= 99.9 %
3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
Emergency Overview
OSHA Hazards
Carcinogen, Target Organ Effect, Harmful by ingestion., Irritant
Target Organs
Liver, pancreas, Blood, Central nervous system, Heart, Kidney
HMIS Classification
Health Hazard:
Chronic Health Hazard:
Flammability:
Physical hazards:
2
*
0
0
NFPA Rating
Health Hazard:
Fire:
Reactivity Hazard:
2
0
0
Potential Health Effects
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May be harmful if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation.
May be harmful if absorbed through skin. Causes skin irritation.
Causes eye irritation.
Harmful if swallowed.
Inhalation
Skin
Eyes
Ingestion
4. FIRST AID MEASURES
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.Move out of dangerous area.
If inhaled
If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing give artificial respiration Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact
Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
If swallowed
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician.
5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES
Flammable properties
Flash point
no data available
Ignition temperature
556.1 °C (1,033.0 °F) Suitable extinguishing media
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special protective equipment for fire-fighters
Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.
6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
Personal precautions
Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation.
Environmental precautions
Do not let product enter drains.
Methods for cleaning up
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste. Keep in suitable, closed containers for
disposal.
7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
Handling
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.
Normal measures for preventive fire protection.
Storage
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Heat sensitive. Store under inert gas.
8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION
Components with workplace control parameters
Components
Sigma-Aldrich – 443484
CAS-No.
Value
Control
Update
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
www.sigma-aldrich.com
Basis
Page 2 of 6
TWA
parameters
50 ppm
Methylene
chloride
75-09-2
2007-01-01
USA. ACGIH Threshold
Limit Values (TLV)
Remarks
Central Nervous System impairment Carboxyhemoglobinemia Substances for which
there is a Biological Exposure Index or Indices (see BEI® section) Confirmed animal
carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans: The agent is carcinogenic in
experimental animals at a relatively high dose, by route(s) of administration, at site(s), of
histologic type(s), or by mechanism(s) that may not be relevant to worker exposure.
Available epidemiologic studies do not confirm an increased risk of cancer in exposed
humans. Available evidence does not suggest that the agent is lilkely to cause cancer in
humans except under uncommon or unlikely routes or levels of exposure.
Substance listed; for more information see OSHA document 1910.1052
See 1910.1052
Personal protective equipment
Respiratory protection
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multipurpose combination (US) or type AXBEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If
the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and
components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Hand protection
Handle with gloves.
Eye protection
Face shield and safety glasses
Skin and body protection
Choose body protection according to the amount and concentration of the dangerous substance at the work
place.
Hygiene measures
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end
of workday.
9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Appearance
Form
liquid
Colour
colourless
Safety data
pH
no data available
Melting point
-97 °C (-143 °F)
Boiling point
39.8 – 40 °C (103.6 – 104 °F)
Flash point
no data available
Ignition temperature
556.1 °C (1,033.0 °F) –
Lower explosion limit
12 %(V)
Upper explosion limit
19 %(V)
Vapour pressure
470.8 hPa (353.1 mmHg) at 20.0 °C (68.0 °F)
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1,687.3 hPa (1,265.6 mmHg) at 55.0 °C (131.0 °F)
57.99 hPa (43.50 mmHg) at 25 °C (77 °F)
Density
1.325 g/mL at 25 °C (77 °F)
Water solubility
slightly soluble
Partition coefficient:
n-octanol/water
log Pow: 1.25
Relative vapour
density
2.93
– (Air = 1.0)
Evaporation rate
0.71
10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Storage stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Conditions to avoid
Heat, flames and sparks. Exposure to sunlight.
Materials to avoid
Alkali metals, Aluminum, Strong oxidizing agents, Bases, Amines, Magnesium, Strong acids and strong bases, Vinyl
compounds
Hazardous decomposition products
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. – Carbon oxides, Hydrogen chloride gas
11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Acute toxicity
LD50 Oral – rat – 1,600 mg/kg
Remarks: Behavioral:Ataxia.
LC50 Inhalation – rat – 52,000 mg/m3
Irritation and corrosion
Skin – rabbit – Skin irritation – 24 h
Eyes – rabbit – Mild eye irritation – 24 h
Sensitisation
no data available
Chronic exposure
Carcinogenicity – rat – Inhalation
Tumorigenic:Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria. Endocrine:Tumors.
This product is or contains a component that has been reported to be possibly carcinogenic based on its IARC,
ACGIH, NTP, or EPA classification.
IARC:
2B – Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans (Methylene chloride)
NTP:
Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen (Methylene chloride)
Genotoxicity in vivo – rat – Oral
DNA damage
Signs and Symptoms of Exposure
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Dichloromethane is metabolized in the body producing carbon monoxide which increases and sustains
carboxyhemoglobin levels in the blood, reducing the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood., Acts as a simple
asphyxiant by displacing air., anesthetic effects, Difficulty in breathing, Headache, Dizziness, Prolonged or repeated
contact with skin may cause:, defatting, Dermatitis, Contact with eyes can cause:, Redness, Blurred vision, Provokes
tears., Effects due to ingestion may include:, Gastrointestinal discomfort, Central nervous system depression,
Paresthesia., Drowsiness, Convulsions, Conjunctivitis., Pulmonary edema. Effects may be delayed., Irregular
breathing., Stomach/intestinal disorders, Nausea, Vomiting, Increased liver enzymes., Weakness, Heavy or
prolonged skin exposure may result in the absorption of harmful amounts of material., Abdominal pain
Potential Health Effects
Inhalation
Skin
Eyes
Ingestion
Target Organs
May be harmful if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation.
May be harmful if absorbed through skin. Causes skin irritation.
Causes eye irritation.
Harmful if swallowed.
Liver, pancreas, Blood, Central nervous system, Heart, Kidney,
Additional Information
RTECS: PA8050000
12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Elimination information (persistence and degradability)
no data available
Ecotoxicity effects
Toxicity to fish
LC50 – Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) – 193.00 mg/l – 96 h
NOEC – Cyprinodon variegatus (sheepshead minnow) – 130 mg/l – 96 h
Toxicity to daphnia
and other aquatic
invertebrates.
EC50 – Daphnia magna (Water flea) – 1,682.00 mg/l – 48 h
Further information on ecology
no data available
13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Product
Observe all federal, state, and local environmental regulations. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal
service to dispose of this material. Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical
incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber.
Contaminated packaging
Dispose of as unused product.
14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
DOT (US)
UN-Number: 1593 Class: 6.1
Proper shipping name: Dichloromethane
Marine pollutant: No
Poison Inhalation Hazard: No
Packing group: III
IMDG
UN-Number: 1593 Class: 6.1
Packing group: III
Proper shipping name: DICHLOROMETHANE
Marine pollutant: No
Sigma-Aldrich – 443484
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
www.sigma-aldrich.com
EMS-No: F-A, S-A
Page 5 of 6
IATA
UN-Number: 1593 Class: 6.1
Proper shipping name: Dichloromethane
Packing group: III
15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
OSHA Hazards
Carcinogen, Target Organ Effect, Harmful by ingestion., Irritant
DSL Status
All components of this product are on the Canadian DSL list.
SARA 302 Components
SARA 302: No chemicals in this material are subject to the reporting requirements of SARA Title III, Section 302.
SARA 313 Components
SARA 313: This material does not contain any chemical components with known CAS numbers that exceed the
threshold (De Minimis) reporting levels established by SARA Title III, Section 313.
SARA 311/312 Hazards
Acute Health Hazard, Chronic Health Hazard
Massachusetts Right To Know Components
Methylene chloride
CAS-No.
75-09-2
Revision Date
2007-07-01
CAS-No.
75-09-2
Revision Date
2007-07-01
CAS-No.
75-09-2
Revision Date
2007-07-01
CAS-No.
75-09-2
Revision Date
2007-09-28
Pennsylvania Right To Know Components
Methylene chloride
New Jersey Right To Know Components
Methylene chloride
California Prop. 65 Components
WARNING! This product contains a chemical known in the State of
California to cause cancer.
Methylene chloride
16. OTHER INFORMATION
Further information
Copyright 2009 Sigma-Aldrich Co. License granted to make unlimited paper copies for internal use only.
The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a
guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the
product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the
product. Sigma-Aldrich Co., shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with
the above product. See reverse side of invoice or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale.
Sigma-Aldrich – 443484
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
www.sigma-aldrich.com
Page 6 of 6
SIGMA-ALDRICH
Material Safety Data Sheet
Version 3.0
Revision Date 01/03/2009
Print Date 09/08/2009
1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
Product name
:
Naphthalene
Product Number
Brand
:
:
184500
Aldrich
Company
:
Telephone
Fax
Emergency Phone #
:
:
:
Sigma-Aldrich
3050 Spruce Street
SAINT LOUIS MO 63103
USA
+1 800-325-5832
+1 800-325-5052
(314) 776-6555
2. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
Formula
Molecular Weight
:
:
C10H8
128.17 g/mol
CAS-No.
EC-No.
Index-No.
Concentration
Naphthalene
91-20-3
202-049-5
601-052-00-2
–
3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
Emergency Overview
OSHA Hazards
Flammable Solid, Carcinogen, Highly toxic by inhalation, Toxic by ingestion, Irritant
Target Organs
Eyes, Blood, Kidney, Lungs, Central nervous system, Liver, Heart
HMIS Classification
Health Hazard:
Chronic Health Hazard:
Flammability:
Physical hazards:
4
*
0
2
NFPA Rating
Health Hazard:
Fire:
Reactivity Hazard:
4
2
2
Potential Health Effects
Inhalation
Skin
Aldrich – 184500
May be fatal if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation.
May be harmful if absorbed through skin. Causes skin irritation.
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
www.sigma-aldrich.com
Page 1 of 7
Causes eye irritation.
Toxic if swallowed.
Eyes
Ingestion
4. FIRST AID MEASURES
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.Move out of dangerous area.
If inhaled
If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing give artificial respiration Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact
Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
If swallowed
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician.
5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES
Flammable properties
Flash point
80.0 °C (176.0 °F) – closed cup
Ignition temperature
526 °C (979 °F)
Suitable extinguishing media
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special protective equipment for fire-fighters
Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.
6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
Personal precautions
Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing dust. Ensure adequate ventilation.
Environmental precautions
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment
must be avoided.
Methods for cleaning up
Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
Handling
Avoid formation of dust and aerosols.
Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. Normal measures for preventive fire
protection.
Storage
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION
Components with workplace control parameters
Components
CAS-No.
Value
Naphthalene
91-20-3
TWA
Aldrich – 184500
Control
parameters
10 ppm
Update
Basis
1996-05-18
US. American Conference
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
www.sigma-aldrich.com
Page 2 of 7
52 mg/m3
Remarks
of Governmental and
Industrial Hygienists
Threshold Limit Values for
Chemical Substances in the
Work Environment; Annual
Reports for the Year
2004:Committees on
Threshold Limit Values
(TLVs ) and Biological
Exposure Indices (BEIs)
The agent (mixture , or exposure circumstance) is not classifiable as to its
carcinogenicity to humans .
Refers to Appendix A — Carcinogens.
1996 Adoption
STEL
15 ppm
1996-05-18
US. American Conference
79 mg/m3
of Governmental and
Industrial Hygienists
Threshold Limit Values for
Chemical Substances in the
Work Environment; Annual
Reports for the Year
2004:Committees on
Threshold Limit Values
(TLVs ) and Biological
Exposure Indices (BEIs)
The agent (mixture , or exposure circumstance) is not classifiable as to its
carcinogenicity to humans .
Refers to Appendix A — Carcinogens.
1996 Adoption
TWA
10 ppm
1989-03-01
US. Department of Labor 50 mg/m3
Occupational Safety and
Health Administration
(OSHA) 29 CFR 1910.1000
Z-1-A
STEL
15 ppm
75 mg/m3
1989-03-01
US. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and
Health Administration
(OSHA) 29 CFR 1910.1000
Z-1-A
TWA
10 ppm
50 mg/m3
1993-06-30
US. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and
Health Administration
(OSHA) Permissible
Exposure Limits (PEL) 29
CFR 1910.1000 Air
Contaminants.
Personal protective equipment
Respiratory protection
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a dust mask type N95 (US) or type P1
(EN 143) respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government
standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Aldrich – 184500
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
www.sigma-aldrich.com
Page 3 of 7
Hand protection
Handle with gloves.
Eye protection
Safety glasses
Skin and body protection
Choose body protection according to the amount and concentration of the dangerous substance at the work
place.
Hygiene measures
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end
of workday.
9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Appearance
Form
solid
Safety data
pH
no data available
Melting point
80 – 82 °C (176 – 180 °F)
Boiling point
218 °C (424 °F)
Flash point
80.0 °C (176.0 °F) – closed cup
Ignition temperature
526 °C (979 °F)
Lower explosion limit
0.9 %(V)
Upper explosion limit
5.9 %(V)
Vapour pressure
1.3 hPa (1.0 mmHg) at 53.0 °C (127.4 °F)
0.04 hPa (0.03 mmHg) at 25.0 °C (77.0 °F)
Water solubility
no data available
Partition coefficient:
n-octanol/water
log Pow: 3.30
10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Storage stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Materials to avoid
Strong oxidizing agents
Hazardous decomposition products
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. – Carbon oxides
11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Acute toxicity
LD50 Oral – rat – 490.0 mg/kg
LC50 Inhalation – rat – 1 h – > 340.0 mg/m3
Remarks: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Nose, Eye, Ear, and Taste):Eye:Lacrimation. Behavioral:Somnolence
(general depressed activity).
Aldrich – 184500
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
www.sigma-aldrich.com
Page 4 of 7
LD50 Dermal – rabbit – 20,000 mg/kg
Irritation and corrosion
Eyes – rabbit – Mild eye irritation
Sensitisation
no data available
Chronic exposure
This product is or contains a component that has been reported to be possibly carcinogenic based on its IARC,
ACGIH, NTP, or EPA classification.
IARC:
Group 2B – The agent (mixture) is possibly carcinogenic to humans.IARC Monograph (Vol.
82) (12-19 February 2002) Some Traditional Herbal Medicines, Some Mycotoxins,
Naphthalene and Styrene (Naphthalene)
Group 2B – The agent (mixture) is possibly carcinogenic to humans. (Naphthalene)
NTP:
Reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens. (Naphthalene)
OSHA:
No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as
a carcinogen or potential carcinogen by OSHA.
Signs and Symptoms of Exposure
Absorption into the body leads to the formation of methemoglobin which in sufficient concentration causes cyanosis.
Onset may be delayed 2 to 4 hours or longer., Naphthalene is retinotoxic and systemic absorption of its vapors above
15ppm, may result in:, cataracts, optic neuritis, corneal injury, Eye irritation, Ingestion may provoke the following
symptoms:, hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinuria, Nausea, Headache, Vomiting, Gastrointestinal disturbance,
Convulsions, anemia, Kidney injury may occur., Seizures., Coma.
Potential Health Effects
Inhalation
Skin
Eyes
Ingestion
Target Organs
May be fatal if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation.
May be harmful if absorbed through skin. Causes skin irritation.
Causes eye irritation.
Toxic if swallowed.
Eyes, Blood, Kidney, Lungs, Central nervous system, Liver, Heart,
Additional Information
RTECS: QJ0525000
12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Elimination information (persistence and degradability)
Bioaccumulation
Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) – 28 d
Bioconcentration factor (BCF): 13,000
Ecotoxicity effects
Toxicity to fish
LC50 – No information available. – 0.12 mg/l – 96 h
LC50 – Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) – 0.90 – 9.80 mg/l – 96 h
LC50 – Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) – 1.00 – 6.50 mg/l – 96 h
NOEC – other fish – 1.8 mg/l – 3 d
LOEC – other fish – 3.2 mg/l – 3 d
Toxicity to daphnia
and other aquatic
Aldrich – 184500
EC50 – Daphnia magna (Water flea) – 1.00 – 3.40 mg/l – 48 h
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
www.sigma-aldrich.com
Page 5 of 7
invertebrates.
Toxicity to algae
EC50 – No information available. – 33.00 mg/l – 24 h
Further information on ecology
An environmental hazard cannot be excluded in the event of unprofessional handling or disposal.
Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Product
Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this
material is highly flammable. Observe all federal, state, and local environmental regulations. Contact a licensed
professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging
Dispose of as unused product.
14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
DOT (US)
UN-Number: 1334 Class: 4.1
Packing group: III
Proper shipping name: Naphthalene, crude
Marine pollutant: No
Poison Inhalation Hazard: No
IMDG
UN-Number: 1334 Class: 4.1
Packing group: III
Proper shipping name: NAPHTHALENE, CRUDE
Marine pollutant: No
EMS-No: F-A, S-G
IATA
UN-Number: 1334 Class: 4.1
Packing group: III
Proper shipping name: Naphthalene, crude
15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
OSHA Hazards
Flammable Solid, Carcinogen, Highly toxic by inhalation, Toxic by ingestion, Irritant
DSL Status
All components of this product are on the Canadian DSL list.
SARA 302 Components
SARA 302: No chemicals in this material are subject to the reporting requirements of SARA Title III, Section 302.
SARA 313 Components
Naphthalene
CAS-No.
91-20-3
Revision Date
1987-01-01
CAS-No.
91-20-3
Revision Date
1987-01-01
CAS-No.
Revision Date
SARA 311/312 Hazards
Fire Hazard, Acute Health Hazard, Chronic Health Hazard
Massachusetts Right To Know Components
Naphthalene
Pennsylvania Right To Know Components
Aldrich – 184500
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
www.sigma-aldrich.com
Page 6 of 7
Naphthalene
91-20-3
1987-01-01
CAS-No.
91-20-3
Revision Date
1987-01-01
CAS-No.
91-20-3
Revision Date
2005-09-12
New Jersey Right To Know Components
Naphthalene
California Prop. 65 Components
WARNING! This product contains a chemical known in the State of
California to cause cancer.
Naphthalene
16. OTHER INFORMATION
Further information
Copyright 2008 Sigma-Aldrich Co. License granted to make unlimited paper copies for internal use only.
The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a
guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the
product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the
product. Sigma-Aldrich Co., shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with
the above product. See reverse side of invoice or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale.
Aldrich – 184500
Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
www.sigma-aldrich.com
Page 7 of 7