Health Sciences Test
Question 22
Question 22 options:
A
is the human disaster that follows armed conflict like war and civil strife causing forced migration.
Question 23 options:
is a collaboration of 120+ existing institutions that pools resources for rapid identification, confirmation, and response to outbreaks.
The lead cluster agency responsible for international response for health after an emergency is
Question 24 options:
| WFP | |
| WHO | |
| CDC | |
| UNICEF |
What is the reservoir for pertussis in countries with high vaccination coverage?
Question 25 options:
| airports | |
| wild rodents | |
| domestic pets | |
| nonimmunized children and older individuals with waning immunity |
The severity of a complex emergency is based on the crude mortality rate. A very serious emergency is defined as
Question 26 options:
| >1 death per 10,000 people per day | |
| >2 death per 10,000 people per day | |
| >5 death per 10,000 people per day | |
| >10 death per 10,000 people per day |
The following factors all contribute to the increased malaria burden in affected populations in a complex emergency:
Question 27 options:
| exposure due to poor or absent housing | |
| a population that has been displaced from a non-malarious area | |
| All answers are factors | |
| weakened immunity because of multiple infections and malnutrition |
Question 28
Which one of the following vaccine-preventable disease is recommended for routine immunization by the CDC for children under the age of 2?
Question 28 options:
| All answers are correct | |
| meningococcal | |
| HPV | |
| influenza |
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) comprises
Question 29 options:
| medical and public health experts who develop recommendations on the use of vaccines in the civilian population of the United States. | |
| consumer representatives and lawyers who provide perspectives on the social and community aspects of vaccination to guide medical decisions. | |
| pharmaceutical companies who gauge how profitable a vaccine will be and make recommendations. | |
| representatives of non-governmental organizations that review vaccine injury lawsuits to determine vaccine effectiveness. |
Artificially acquired immunity is
Question 30 options:
| when a mother passes antibodies to her unborn child | |
| vaccination for disease prevention | |
| immunity to a disease after the person has been infected and survives the disease | |
| a critical number of people within a community are vaccinated which protects the unvaccinated in the community |
Influenza subtype A
Question 31 options:
| All answers are correct | |
| is classified by H and N proteins | |
| can cause pandemics | |
| can infect other species besides humans |
Vaccine effectiveness
Question 32 options:
| is the balance of cost of disease and cost of vaccination in real world situations where the disease burden is vaccine preventable | |
| is defined as the number of serious side effects of a vaccine | |
| is not critical to promote immunization, sustain uptake, and stimulate development of better vaccines | |
| is % reduction in disease incidence in a vaccinated group compared to an unvaccinated group under optimal conditions (eg RCT) |
MRSA
Question 33 options:
| is an antibiotic resistant form of a bacterium that causes disease in humans | |
| is a virus that is treatable with antibacterials | |
| is preventable through vaccination | |
| is not a public health concern |
Question 34
Meningococcal meningitis
Question 34 options:
| is a vaccine preventable bacterial infection | |
| can be prevented through herd immunity | |
| causes sporadic outbreaks in South Africa | |
| is easily treated with antibiotics before severe infection occurs |
Discuss the vaccination for polio. What are issues and why is polio not eradicated? (NOTE: This answer must be in your own words – not quoted material. You may use outside sources but please include proper citations)
Question 36
Which of the following is a way to reduce antimicrobial resistance?
Question 36 options:
| all of the answers are correct | |
| curbing unnecessary use and misuse of antibiotics | |
| prevent hospital infections | |
| development of vaccines to prevent diseases |
Question 37
Bacteria can only transfer antibiotic resistance genes through reproduction.
Question 37 options:
| True | |
| False |
Variolation
Question 38 options:
| was the use of cowpox to treat smallpox infections | |
| is a virulent form of smallpox | |
| resulted in a reduction from 30% to 3% deaths | |
| only occurred in dairy maids |
