Kent State University Post-completion Project Review Essay

Chapter 5
Project Execution and Closeout
Project Management for Engineering,
Business, and Technology
Prepared by
John Nicholas, Ph.D.
Loyola University Chicago
Project Life Span: Execution
Phase A: Conception phase
Initiation stage
Feasibility stage
Proposal preparation
Phase B: Definition phase
Project definition
System definition
User and system
requirements
Phase D: Operation phase
System maintenance
and evaluation
Phase C: Execution phase
Design stage
Product/build stage
Fabrication
Testing
Implementation stage
Training
Acceptance tests
Installation
Termination
System
Improvement
(To Phase A:
Repeat cycle)
Information Classification: General
System
termination
Phase C: Project Execution
◼
◼
In addition to planning, scheduling, budgeting, and risk
and quality management responsibilities already
discussed, during Execution the PM is responsible for
❑
Expanding the project team
❑
Assigning responsibilities
❑
Task integration
❑
Documentation
❑
Change control
❑
Quality control
❑
Production coordination
❑
Inventory control
When PM is not directly responsible for these, she
appoints people who are
Information Classification: General
Detail Design Stage
◼
Design methodology: functional versus
physical design
◼
Controlling Design:Technical Review process
◼
Planning for production/build and later stages
Information Classification: General
Design methodology
◼
Typical Development Process
Customer
Marketing/
Customer
Requirements
Product
design
Product
req’ts/
design
Finance
Cost
targets
bids
Suppliers
Procurement
RFB’s
Manufacturing
Parts
req’ts
Process
req’ts/
design
Inputs/outputs
Change requests
Information Classification: General
Design methodology
◼
Team approach
Product design
Information Classification: General
Technical Review Process
Basic requirements
Functional design concept
H/W and S/W
Detailed design
tests
Manufactured H/W and S/W
Full scale production
Final H/W and S/W
Information Classification: General
}
1.
Preliminary review : does
concept fit basic
requirements?
}
2.
Critical Review: does
detailed design reflect
functional design?
3.
Functional readiness review:
Do manufactured items
conform to detailed design?
4.
Product readiness: Do
production documents
conform to design
documents?
}
}
Production/Build Stage
◼
System fabrication/ construction/ assembly
◼
Testing: design vs. requirement/ vs.
implementation
❑
◼
logical, stress, failure
Detailed planning for the implementation stage
Information Classification: General
Project Life Cycle: Implementation Stage
Phase A: Conception phase
Initiation stage
Feasibility stage
Proposal preparation
Phase B: Definition phase
Project definition
System definition
User and system
requirements
Phase D: Operation phase
System maintenance
and evaluation
Phase C: Execution phase
Design stage
Product/build stage
Fabrication
Testing
System
Improvement
(To Phase A:
Repeat cycle)
Information Classification: General
System
termination
Implementation stage
Training
Acceptance tests
Installation
Termination
Implementation Stage
◼
◼
User acceptance
❑
User training
❑
User acceptance testing
❑
Modifications
❑
Final user tests
System installation and conversion process
❑
◼
Parallel, pilot, cold turkey
User approval/punch list
Information Classification: General
Installation/ Conversion Strategies
System A
System B
System A
System B
System A
System B
Information Classification: General
Side-items vs. end-items
❑
Manuals
Tools/peripherals
User training
❑
Example
❑
❑
◼
Flight simulator for aircraft: a necessary “side-item”
to enable pilots to learn to fly the aircraft.
Information Classification: General
Project Life Cycle: Termination and Closeout
Phase A: Conception phase
Initiation stage
Feasibility stage
Proposal preparation
Phase B: Definition phase
Project definition
System definition
User and system
requirements
Phase D: Operation phase
System maintenance
and evaluation
Phase C: Execution phase
Design stage
Product/build stage
Fabrication
Testing
Implementation stage
Training
Acceptance tests
Installation
Termination/ closeout
System
Improvement
(To Phase A:
Repeat cycle)
Information Classification: General
System
termination
Termination and Close-out
◼
Termination
❑
Planning, scheduling, monitoring of close-out
❑
Final close-out
❑
Customer acceptance, obligations, and payment
activities
❑
Post-completion project summary
review/postmortem
Information Classification: General
Termination and Close-out Responsibilities
Planning, scheduling, and monitoring completion
activities:
❑
Prepare and coordinate termination plans and
schedules
❑
Plan to reassign project team personnel, and transfer
resources
❑
Monitor termination activities and completion of all
contractual agreements
❑
Monitor disposition of surplus materials and special
project equipment
Information Classification: General
Termination and Close-out Responsibilities
Final close-out activities:
❑
Close out all work orders
❑
Approve completion of all subcontracted work
❑
Notify all departments and stakeholders of project
completion
❑
Close project office, project facilities, and project books
Information Classification: General
Construction Punch List
Information Classification: General
Closing the Contract
◼
Attention to side-items vs. end-items
❑
❑
❑
Manuals
Tools/peripherals
User training
◼
◼
E.g., simulators
Negotiated adjustments to final contract
Information Classification: General
Project Summary Evaluation
Post-completion Project Review
(Postmortem)
◼
Initial project performance,
cost, and schedule objectives
◼
Soundness of objectives in
view of initial problem or needs
◼
“Needs” that the end-item was supposed to
fulfill
Information Classification: General
Project Summary Evaluation
Post-completion Project Review (cont’d):
◼
Evolution of objectives;
reasons for changes
◼
Project performance with
respect to final objectives
◼
Effectiveness of project management; relationships
among managers, project team members,
subcontractors and suppliers, and customer
◼
Termination process: customer reactions and
satisfaction
Information Classification: General
Project Summary Evaluation
Post-installation System Review
◼
Evaluates the fully operational end-item system
◼
Focuses on the end-item system
◼
Provides operation and maintenance information
for the system’s designers
◼
Addresses
❑
Is the end-item doing what it was intended to do?
❑
Is the user getting the expected benefits
❑
What changes to the system would fulfill the user’s
needs?
Information Classification: General
Project Life Cycle: Operation Phase
Phase A: Conception phase
Initiation stage
Feasibility stage
Proposal preparation
Phase B: Definition phase
Project definition
System definition
User and system
requirements
Phase D: Operation phase
System maintenance
and evaluation
Phase C: Execution phase
Design stage
Produce/build stage
Fabrication
Testing
Implementation stage
Training
Acceptance tests
Installation
Termination
System
improvement
System
termination
(To Phase A:
Repeat cycle)
System
replacement
Information Classification: General
Phase D: Operation
◼
Project ends with completion of Phase C,
project manager goes on to another project
and core team disbands
◼
Sometimes, SDO remains involved with
customer and end-item in some principal
aspect of operation
Information Classification: General
Phase D: Operation
◼
◼
System Evaluation and Maintenance
❑
Repair/preventative maintenance
❑
Standard, periodic maintenance
❑
Post-installation review
System Enhancement
❑
Project extensions
Information Classification: General