when life begins forum

 

Based on your assigned readings and lecture materials this week, engage with your peers and me by initiating a thread or responding to another peer’s thread or one of my threads. You should post a minimum of three times.

• Is there something you are learning this week that you are excited about?
• Can you apply any of the concepts this week to the career you are interested in pursuing?
• Do you have any questions about the concepts you are learning this week?
•  All replies must be constructive and follow proper netiquette. Click here to go to the Academic Continuity Guide for Students and read the Course Communication Guidelines (Netiquette) 
• There is no minimum or maximum word count. You will be graded on the relevance of your post to the topic and the application of the concepts.
• When responding to your peers, you should extend, refute/correct, or add additional nuance to their posts. 
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j1q4T529rsA&feature=youtu.be

• ALFRED CIOFFI

• CATHOLIC PRIEST, ARCHDIOCESE OF MIAMI

• DOCTORATE IN MORAL THEOLOGY, GREGORIAN UNIVERSITY, ROME, ITALY

• DOCTORATE IN GENETICS, PURDUE UNIVERSITY, INDIANA

• ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, BIOLOGY AND BIOETHICS

• DIRECTOR, INSTITUTE FOR BIOETHICS

BIOMEDICAL ETHICS

Introduction

• PRESENTATIONS

• THINK

• RESPECT

• HONOR CODE

• ON TIME

• QUIZZES

• TAKE NOTES

• AVERAGE

CANVAS

HUMAN BIO-ETHICS​: evidence-base

d

• BEGINNING OF LIFE​

• HEALTHCARE​

• END OF LIFE

BIO-ETHICS

PRINCIPLED

UTILITARIAN

or…

• SE

X

UAL REPRODUCTION

• EARLY EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT

• ONTOLOGICAL STATUS OF HUMAN EMBRYO

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION: INVOLVES FERTILIZATION

FERTILIZATION: INVOLVES FUSION OF GAMETES

AT FERTILIZATION THE DIPLOID NUMBER (

2n

) IS RESTORED

GAMETES = SEX CELLS (SPERM & OVA), PRODUCED BY MEIOSIS

FIRST, A REVIEW OF MITOSIS

b

d

c

a

chromatin

2n

2n

b

d

c

a

chromatin

2n

2n

X

X
X

X

2b

1a

1b

2a

chromatin

2n

2n

2b1b
1a

2a

2b1b
1a

2a

1a 1b

2b

2a

2b1b
1a

2a

2a 2b

1b

1a

DNA REPLICATION

SISTER CHROMATIDS

Temporary “4n” stage

2b1b
1a

2a

CELL CYCLE

G = GAP

S = SYNTHESIS

2n

2n

2n

MEIOSIS:
DOUBLE CELLULAR SPLIT: ONE CELL -> -> 4 CELLS

• RECOMBINATION (CROSSING OVER)

• FROM DIPLOID NUMBER (2n) -> HAPLOID NUMBER (n) = CHROMATIC REDUCTION

2a

2b
1a

1b

2a

2b

1a

1b

2a2b

1a1b

DNA RECOMBINATION = CROSSING OVER

MEIOSIS = FORMATION OF GAMETES (SEX CELLS), HAPLOID

SPERMATOGENESIS -> SPERM (n)
GAMETOGENESIS

OOGENESIS -> OVUM (n)

Primary spermatocyte (2n)

Primary oocyte (2n)

Polar
bodies

H. sapiens # OF CHROMOSOMES = 46 = 23 “PAIRS” ONLY IDENTICAL IN FEMALE (XX)

• 22 PAIRS = AUTOSOMES

• 1 PAIR = SEX CHROMOSOMES

THEREFORE, IN HUMANS:

• n = 23 (gametes)

• 2n = 46 (somatic cells)

Seminiferous
tubules

Ovarian
follicles

VIDEOS OF HUMAN EMBRYONIC AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT

From fertilization to birth 6 minutes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7kC6p1twkXk

EGG + SPERM =

ZYGOTE

ZYGON (GK) = YOKED OR LINKED

ZYGOTE DNA:

• 50% OF THE GENETIC MATERIAL COMES FROM THE MOTHER

• 50% FROM THE FATHER

0.1 mm 0.005 mm
0.05 mm

= SYNGAMY

Ampulla

DAY 1

DAY 7

Endometrium

ZYGOTE

M
O

RU
LA

COMPACTION

BLASTOMERES

MALE &
FEMALE
PRONUCLEI

FIRST CELLULAR DIFFERENTIATION = 2 CELL LAYERS

(INNER CELL MASS)

1 2 3

4 5 6

IMPLANTATION

FURTHER CELLULAR DIFFERENTIATION: 3 GERM LAYERS

( ICM )

GASTRULATION

THIRD WEEK OF EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMNET:

GASTRULA

LONGITUDINAL VIEW CROSS SECTION

NEURAL GROOVE

~ 1 inch

EIGHT WEEKS

EMBRYO

FETUS

FETUS

VIDEOS OF HUMAN EMBRYONIC AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT

Conception to birth — visualized | Alexander Tsiaras 10 minutes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fKyljukBE70

THEREFORE, REGARDING EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT:

CONTINUOUS DEVELOPMENT OF TISSUES, ORGANS AND SYSTEMS

FROM THE ZYGOTE, THROUGH 9 MONTHS, UP TO BIRTH.

AFER BIRTH, DEVELOPMENT CONTINUES, UP TO ADULTHOOD.

ADULTHOOD DEFINED BIOLOGICALLY; MATURITY OF SEXUAL ORGANS.

THAT IS, CAPABLE OF REPRODUCING:

FOR WOMAN: OVULATING MATURE EGGS AND CAPABLE OF SUSTAINING A PREGNANCY

FOR MAN: PRODUCTION OF COMPETENT SPERM AND CAPABLE OF SEXUAL INTERCOURSE

• Slide Number 1
• Slide Number 2
• Slide Number 3
• Slide Number 4
• Slide Number 5
• Slide Number 6
• Slide Number 7
• Slide Number 8
• Slide Number 9
• Slide Number 10
• Slide Number 11
• Slide Number 12
• Slide Number 13
• Slide Number 14
• Slide Number 15
• Slide Number 16
• Slide Number 17
• Slide Number 18
• Slide Number 19
• Slide Number 20
• Slide Number 21
• Slide Number 22
• Slide Number 23
• Slide Number 24
• Slide Number 25
• Slide Number 26
• Slide Number 27
• Slide Number 28
• Slide Number 29
• Slide Number 30
• Slide Number 31
• Slide Number 32
• Slide Number 33
• Slide Number 34
• Slide Number 35
• Slide Number 36
• Slide Number 37
• Slide Number 38
• Slide Number 39