Archaeology Lab

Please read the instructions carefully the professor is really detailed. I uploaded the instructions sheet and a sample of a paper also I would like a 3 page paper.  I choose the book for this paper and its “The Finger prints of the gods” by Graham Hancock. The chapter I also choose in class was Chapter 22 Eygpt and Mexico = more coincidences its page 168. 

This is a link to the PDF version of the book:

http://megpugh.com/files/Graham_Hancock_FINGERPRINTS_OF_THE_GODS

Please also cite the book. 

PS I put my old lab as a reference to you.

Marveloso Valley (Sector 2)

The Marveloso Valley is located on the central coast of Peru, My group and I studied the second sector of the valley (MARV-9). The second area is located on the south side of the valley. The river also breaks through the second segment of the Marveloso Valley and has a bunch of mountains, desert, and Loma.

The first survey excavation has facts to identify that the Huaynac (Inca Empire) was one of two of the early civilizations to inhabit the area. The Chicha civilization is the second civilization to occupy the second segment in the Marveloso Valley. Artifacts like ceramics, corn cobs, and peanut shells were in the first set of layers to back up the discussion that the Huaynac and Chicha were the only civilizations to inhabit the area.

However, surveys can lie or be misleading. The more in-depth layers of the areas have artifacts and evidence that another civilization inhabited the field before the two civilizations I described earlier. In the deeper layers, there are artifacts like broken human bones, projectile bones, and sling stones. All three units have more and diverse objects the more in-depth the dig.

The Afero Civilization occupied the area of study before the Huaynac and Chicha. The Affero civilizations were a sum chiefdoms that date back to 200 BC – 100 AD, while on the other hand the Huaynac date back to 1400 – 1500 AD and the Checha 1000 – 1300 AD. That shows about 1000 year of inhabitants. That raises the question, why was MARV-9 not inhabited for more than 1000 years? The first unit has broken bones in layer E, plus cervid bones (animal bones) in layer I. In the second unit also has camelid bone in layer J. These artifacts are different from the objects in the earlier segments. Earlier layers have sand with plaster, no artifacts, ceramics or wall collapse. The various amount of artifact shows us the how a civilization lived and how the same culture ended.

The deeper layers of the three units have artifacts such as human and animal bones as found in the third unit tier J. And Unit 3 M has semi-compact brown to the light brown soil, which seems weird. Furthermore, my group and I hypothesized that the Afero civilization was targeted and later on destroyed. Why would a livable area be uninhabited for a thousand years? Other civilization might have thought that it was an omen or bad luck to live in an area that ended in such unfortunate circumstances. With the color of sand and dust was reddish yellow, which indicates that the district was exposed to fire. The attacker used more the one strategy to attack the area; one of them was a massive wildfire to eradicate the areas main resources to live.

The population effected the environment by putting their special touches in the walls or buildings. In unit III there is a new Palace that was probably built by the later civilizations. Every civilization has artifacts in the area however, some artifacts are gore while the other are simple ceramics.