Business Communication ENG202

i need help with doin PowerPoint and speaking note about (  the future of crypto currency )   maximum 8 slides flowing with learning of attachment  * note speaking note to be in simple words to be understandable

Oral Communication
Presentation
Dr. Raba’a Taleb
Learning Objectives:
 Goals and Strategies for your First Speech
 Strategies for Organizing Your Speech
 Outlining Your Speech
 Practicing Your Speech
 Presenting Your Speech
 Strategies for Overcoming Speech Anxiety
1. A Clear Message
Your speech should have a clear PURPOSE and THESIS.
Your Purpose:
It is your goal for the speech, the response your are seeking from listeners.
• Information
• Persuasion
• Entertaining
Your Thesis
After deciding your speech purpose, you should state the thesis.
The thesis is a statement of the main idea; it summarizes the basic point you want the audience
to accept. It is usually stated in one or two sentences.
One of the most common mistakes students make on
their first speech is trying to cover too much material.
You should select a limited number of points and
illustrate them clearly. On the other hand avoid the
temptation to narrow the focus of your topic too much.
Once you have a topic for your speech, be creative in developing
it. Think of ways to make your presentation mysterious or
suspenseful. Suppose you are telling your audience about meeting
a celebrity. Rather than identifying the celebrity at the outset, you
might save his or her name for the end of your speech. As your
story unfolds, tantalize your classmates with clues about your
celebrity’s gender, physical characteristics, special talents, and the
like.
Organizing your Speech:
Every speech has three parts:
• The introduction
• The body
• The conclusion
The Introduction:
It is the beginning of the speech, designed to get the audience’s
attention, to state the thesis, and to preview the development of
the speech.
It is designed to:
1. Get the audience’s attention
2. State your thesis
3. Preview how you will develop your ideas (transition to the
body).
The body:
The largest portion of the speech, includes the development of supporting materials to
prove the thesis and any subsidiary claims.
Supporting Materials:
All forms of evidence that lend weight to the truth of a claim. They include:
• Experience
• Narratives (stories)
• Data
• Opinions (although they are subjective but the opinions of the experts make your
claims authoritative). Opinions are useful when you cannot observe things
yourself or you want to support promises and predictions.
• Different cultures emphasize different supporting materials. In some cultures,
storytelling carries great weight, whereas in others only data really matter. For this
reason, you need to vary your supporting materials.
Organization of Evidence:
Whenever you offer more than one piece of supporting material, you must decide in what order to arrange your
evidence.
Sometimes the organization is just a matter of preference of what seems instinctively to have the most natural
flow. In cases like this you should try several organizational arrangements to see which works best.
At other times, the supporting material may suggest an organizational arrangement. If you are speaking about time,
it makes sense to arrange the occasions chronologically either from first to last or from last to first.
Another natural organizational pattern is spatial order – arranging items according to their location.
Other common organizational patterns are cause-effect (beginning with conditions and then describing their
causes, or vice versa); problem-solution (first explaining a problem and then pointing to the solution); and topical
structure (mentioning all the economic facts, for example, before mentioning all the political facts.)
The Conclusion
It has two tasks:
1. Draw the speech ideas together so they are memorable.
2. Give strong note of finality of the speech.
The conclusion might be restatement of the main points or ideas, a brief summary of the
argument, a repetition of the statement. It might challenge the audience with an interesting
question or it might draw on the claims in the speech to appeal for a specific belief or action on
the part of the listeners.
Types of oral Presentations:
Manuscript speaking consists of reading a fully scripted speech. It is useful when a message needs to be
delivered in precise words.
Memorized speaking consists of reciting a scripted speech from memory. Memorization allows the speaker
to be free of notes.
Extemporaneous speech: A well-prepared speech that relies on research, clear organization, and practiced
delivery, but is neither read nor memorized.
Impromptu speech is given with little or no preparation, yet almost always with some advance knowledge
on the topic. Speakers totally depend on wits.
Outlining Your Speech
In speaking extemporaneously, two outlines are very helpful:
a. Preparation Outline
An outline used in developing a speech; main ideas and supporting material are usually set
forth in complete sentences.
b. Presentation Outline:
An outline used only while presenting a speech; typically consists only of key words
written on an index card.
Outlining your Speech
Preparation Outline
• Attention Getter: unlike most of us,
John has never lived outside this town.
• Thesis: John has a clear sense of his
roots
• Support: he still lives in the same
house in which he grew up
• He has marched in the 4th of July.
• He has never wanted to go anywhere
else
• Attention Getter: Never lived
Presentation
Outline
outside town
• Thesis: sense of roots
• Support: same house
• 4th of July
• No desire to leave
• Conclusion: can grow without moving
Practicing your Speech:
• Walk confidently to the front of the room. Plant your feet a bit
less than a shoulder-width a part.
• Take a few seconds to stand comfortably and look out at your
audience not at your cards.
• Speak a bit more slowly than you think you normally do.
• Maintain eye contact with your audience. Look at different
audience at different parts of the room.
• When you don’t need your hands to emphasize a point, let them
hang naturally by your sides.
• Make sure your are speaking loudly enough to be heard.
• Most importantly, remember that your goal is communicating
with audience and not preforming.
Strategies for Overcoming Anxiety:
The term communication apprehension refers to fears and worries people have about
communicating with others.
The following steps can help you to turn speech anxiety into an advantage:
• Acknowledge your fears, but recognize that you can overcome them.
• Think about what you are going to say and the effect you want to have on other
audience.
• Act confident, even if you feel apprehensive. Acting confident will help listeners to
think positively about you.
• Visualize in your mind what it will be like to be a successful speaker.
• Work carefully on the introduction so that you can start the speech on a strong note.
• End the speech on a strong note and pause for a second before returning to your seat.
2. Positive Ethos
Ethos refers to the speaker’s character as perceived by the audience.
a. Assessing Ethos
Audience judgements about the speaker’s character can be:
• quite detailed, (e.g., intellect, emotions, judgment, relationship with
other …etc.)
• made quickly, (probably within a few minutes)
• and durable. (listeners’ first impression not only shape how they judge
the speaker but also affect how they interpret the speech.
b. Establishing Positive Ethos
Very important that you establish positive ethos. Consider the following
steps:
• Approach the front of the room confidently, not hesitantly.
• Plant your feet firmly on the floor.
• Make eye contact.
• Show appropriate emotion in your facial response.
• Speak slowly enough, and distinctly enough, that you can be
understood.
• Pause for a brief moment after completing the speech, then walk
confidently back to your seat.
Importance of Oral Communication
There is high level of understanding and transparency in oral communication as it is interpersonal.
There is no element of rigidity in oral communication. There is flexibility for allowing changes in the decisions
previously taken.
The feedback is spontaneous in case of oral communication. Thus, decisions can be made quickly without any
delay.
Oral communication is not only time saving, but it also saves upon money and efforts.
Oral communication is best in case of problem resolution. The conflicts and many issues/differences can be
put to an end by talking them over.
Oral communication is an essential for teamwork and group energy.
Oral communication promotes a receptive and encouraging morale among organizational employees.
Oral communication can be best used to transfer private and confidential information/matter.