Art/History

I need a minimum 2800 word essay in 12 point, Times New Roman double spaced MLA format. The topic is attached, the proposal is done, the outline completed and a bibliography with 4 references done. Needs to have at least 8 total resources. Looking to have it all put together , no plagerism, 100% unique paper done.

Annotated Bibliography

Works Cited:

Macleod, John. ” Carving Out a Nation; Andrew Carnegie: The King of Steel.” The Herald, Aug 22, 1998, pp. 15. ProQuest, https://saintleo.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.saintleo.idm.oclc.org/docview/332523796?accountid=4870. This article will show the creation of boilers and the importance of these in the turn of the century. Show how steel was a luxury in the 1850’s, and how Carnegie turned luxuries into necessities. Steel was set for a boom in the US. With tremendous amounts of deposits of iron ore that had been found around the Great Lakes and Pennsylvania. The location of all the great rivers as waterways, transport was a cinch. Carnegie saw steel as so central to American life that he believed, with all his heart, that the cheaper you made steel the cheaper you made everything else become for the American civilization.

George M. Welling.. “American History from Revolution to Reconstruction and beyond” Outline of American History, August 2012 http://www.let.rug.nl/usa/outlines/history-1994/growth-and-transformation/railroads-regulations-and-the-tariff.phpRailroads became increasingly important to the growing nation, and unfair railroad practices went crazy. Rail lines extended cheaper rates to large shippers by rebating a portion of the charge, operated to the disadvantage of small shippers. Also, some railroads charged arbitrarily higher rates to some shippers than to others between certain points, regardless of distance. The new American way and why President Cleveland had to sign the Interstate Commerce Act in 1887

Carnegie, Andrew, and Vartan Gregorian. The Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie. 1st ed. ed., Public Affairs, 2011. INSERT-MISSING-DATABASE-NAME, INSERT-MISSING-URL. This autobiography outlines the early days of railroads and the need for steel to build those railways in the late 1800’s. I will use this book to show how the steel rail company was organized in 1873. We will also look into his previous life, pre-Steel, to see how his upbringing helped shape the way he felt about hard work and factories.

Bridge, James Howard. The Inside History of the Carnegie Steel Company : A Romance of Millions. University of Pittsburgh Press, 1991. I will show how early involvement in the iron industry and how large manufacturing help to spark this industry.The use of these “Lucy #1 and #2 Furnaces” in a growing industrial time set records for a number of years. Realizing that bridges need to be constructed throughout the country and railways needed to be developed, Carnegie focused on supplying steel rails to Valley railroad, PA Railroad and Allegheny Railroad.

Stouffs, Rudi, and Tunçer Bige. “Typological Descriptions As Generative Guides for Historical Architecture.” Nexus Network Journal: Architecture and Mathematics, vol. 17, no. 3, 2015, pp. 785–805., doi:10.1007/s00004-015-0260-x.

ART 115

Saint Leo University

Christopher Leppert

Proposal

I intend to show how a style of architecture in the turn of the century and the use of a specific material “steel” helped shaped our nation both materialistic and visually. Most architectures design there work with very descriptive items or more than just one kind. However, in the turn of the century, I plan to show hoe steel was a driving force in the way we shaped our cities and country for years to come. These structures, whether it is a tall building, railroad, bridge or commercial space, represents a design of the times and the change of a more modern world. When we show the differences in this historic architecture, we are always comparing different buildings and structures to the era when they were built. Using steel to build these types of buildings we find that they all have a functional characteristic in common.

Andrew Carnegie was one of the great entrepreneurs of our times, and he was well versed in business, had the right connections and a government that had no structure in place to regulate our natural resource steel. I will show how Carnegie help shaped our nation and had the foresight to see Iron was going to be replaced by steel, so he became a steel man. He saw the need for bridges and railways that were needed to develop our country in booming manufacturing time. He was not just a man of “steel,” he was a world traveler and by doing this traveling was able to bring a style of architecture and foresight of need, and money, to the modern world.

My research will review the early years of Carnegie and his connections to Washington DC to show how this played a crucial role in the development of his steel factories and his genius way of paying his help on sliding scale wages. We have talked about the early years of Dadaism and how that era landed in New York and produced works from necessary nonsense. I will outline how Carnegie was relatively like this in his early years of thinking and how others did not understand until it was too late, like 1916 thru 1923 Dadaism years. I lay out how the culture dictated the use of this metal and how it shaped the dealings of Carnegie and the city lines of our nation.

Works Cited :

Macleod, John. “Carving Out a Nation; Andrew Carnegie: The King of Steel.” The Herald, Aug 22, 1998, pp. 15. ProQuest, https://saintleo.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.saintleo.idm.oclc.org/docview/332523796?accountid=4870.

Stouffs, Rudi, and Tunçer Bige. “Typological Descriptions As Generative Guides for Historical Architecture.” Nexus Network Journal : Architecture and Mathematics, vol. 17, no. 3, 2015, pp. 785–805., doi:10.1007/s00004-015-0260-x.

Andrew Carnegie , Encyclopedia of World Biography

https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/social-sciences-and-law/business-leaders/andrew-carnegie

Industrialization and Urbanization in the United States, 1880–1929

http://americanhistory.oxfordre.com/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199329175.001.0001/acrefore-9780199329175-e-327

Title: How culture demanded the use of certain materials in the late 1800’s thru early 1900’s.: Reviewing Andrew Carnegie’s life as proof.

Thesis
: Andrew Carnegie was the first person to use steel to build a railroad bridge across the Mississippi river. He later built steel mills to provide steel to the railroads for new rails. After a depression in the railroad business, he was saved by the development of the steel framed skyscraper.

I.                 Intro:

A.    Thesis: Andrew Carnegie was the first person to use steel to build a railroad bridge across the Mississippi river. He later built steel mills to provide steel to the railroads for new rails. After a depression in the railroad business, he was saved by the development of the steel framed skyscraper.

II.               Carving Out a Nation; Andrew Carnegie: The King of Steel

A.    Carnegie’s business mantras: “Capitalism is about turning luxuries into necessities”

B.    Carnegie set himself to make better steel, more quickly and more cheaply than anyone else

C.    Carnegie had a near-evangelical view of steel

III.            Shaping our cities based on needs

A.    Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art. I would like to research how these designs have shaped our thinking and changed the way we grow our cities.

B.    By 1873, Americans were producing 115,000 tons of steel rail a year. By 1880 America manufactured 1.25 million tons of steel a year. By 1890 she made over 10 million tons.

C.    This rapid growth caused cities to have a lack of housing and thus overcrowded housing, unsanitary conditions, polluted water, easy dispersion of disease, increased crime rate, and fires from the new housing being made of wood and the use of kerosene heaters

IV.            Industrialization and Urbanization in the United States

A.    The years of industrialization after the Civil War brought significant changes to American society.

B.    The country became increasingly urban, and cities grew not only in terms of population but also in size, with skyscrapers pushing cities upward and new transportation systems extending them outward

C. Part of the urban population growth was fueled by an unprecedented mass immigration to the United States

V.              Conclusion

A.    The expansion of the American railroad, the reality that steel was much stronger then Iron and the newly rise of immigrants from all over the world demanded we build, build. The railways went further and the steel high rises went higher, all demanding steel, and the king of steel Andrew Carnegie to prosper and spread his wings. Culture set the stage and Carnegie had the performance of a lifetime.

Research Topic Week 2

Christopher A Leppert

ART 330

Architecture

I would like to do my research paper on Architecture in the twentieth century and how this changed the landscape of America. The technique of designing and building serves both utilitarian and aesthetic needs. Since every society in the world, especially America has architecture, whether highly developed or not, settled areas or nomadic lands, we all have a relationship to the natural world around us and the structures we produce show allot about our environment (including climate and weather), history, ceremonies, and artistic sensibility. Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art.I would like to research how these designs have shaped our thinking and changed the way we grow our cities.