blog post

1) What were the goals of California missions? How did Indigenous peoples resist during the time period of the missions? Be sure to provide specific examples.

2) According to the article “The San Diego Mission and Kumeyaay Revolt: A Decolonized Mission Project,” what happened during the Kumeyaay revolt? Also, how was the author’s daughter’s modern-day 4th grade mission project “decolonizing”?

3) How does the term “Manifest Destiny” relate to the chapter “Sea to Shining Sea” from our textbook? Be sure to provide specific examples from the textbook.

4) What was Deborah Miranda’s argument in “Lying to Children about the California Missions and the Indians” article? What stood out to you, and why?

5) How does your K-12 education relate to the experiences mentioned in Lim’s article on “Educating Elementary School Children About California Missions and Genocide”? Why might the ways missions are taught be problematic? How might this problem be resolved, specifically what does Lim advocate for in the article?

6) What stood out to you in the article “What the ‘California Dream’ Means to Indigenous Peoples”? What does the “California Dream” mean to Indigenous peoples, and what solution does the author suggest?

7) Lastly, share your overall thoughts/reflections on this week’s materials.

https://www.huffpost.com/entry/lying-to-children-a…

https://www.proquest.com/docview/1655086010?accoun…

http://www.cutcharislingbaldy.com/blog/the-san-die…

https://theconversation.com/what-the-california-dr…

Module 5 Key Terms and Concepts
 California Native Perspectives Video
 Marked beginning of US Colonization of N.
Mexico
▪ 1806-1807, during Jefferson’s presidency
 Pike and small group of soldiers were ordered
to illegally enter “Spanish” territory
▪ gather info to be used for military invasion
 Under guise of being
“lost,” Pike’s crew
“discovered” Pike’s
Peak and built a fort
in present day
southern Colorado
▪ Same year as Lewis
and Clark expedition
into Louisiana
Purchase territory
 Pike and his men
captured by Spanish
officials and taken to
Chihuahua, Mexico
 Pike and his men observed and took notes on
N. Mexico
▪ locations, resources, military, etc.
▪ Findings published in 1810, The Expeditions of
Zebulon Montgomery Pike
 Before Pike’s publication, US merchants
showed little interest in trading in Mexico
 After 3 centuries of Spanish colonization
▪ new republic of Mexico emerged as liberated
nation in 1821
▪ Mexico in weak position to defend territory
against US aggression
▪ US saw opportunity for expansion without
European imperialist powers in the way
 Mexico immediately opened borders for trade
▪ previously not allowed by Spanish authorities
 US traders based in St. Louis began extending
their business to New Mexico
▪ US traders would help pave the way to US political
control of northern Mexico
 Christopher Houston “Kit” Carson
▪ played major role in success of US invasion of
northern Mexico
▪ attracting and monopolizing fur trade with
Indigenous and other trappers
▪ ultimate goal of US annexation
 US citizen residents laid groundwork for
annexation of Mexico in Texas and California
 1813-1828, laws authorizing private property
land grants in the province of Texas
▪ practice of granting land to individuals, including
foreigners
 Many grants granted to slave-owning Anglo-
American entrepreneurs
▪ despite slavery being illegal in Mexico
 Anglo slave-owners began dominating province
▪ led to Mexico’s loss of Texas in 1836
 Jackson’s presidency

Information gathered by Pike
▪ infiltration and settlement of Northern provinces
▪ occupation by US entrepreneurs
▪ military invasion and war

1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
▪ US occupied until Mexican govt. agreed to cede northern territories

US states acquired:
▪ Texas (1845)
▪ California (1850)
▪ Nevada (1864)
▪ Colorado (1876)
▪ Wyoming (1890)
▪ Utah (1896),
▪ Arizona and New Mexico (1912)
 Gold nuggets found in
Sacramento Valley at Sutter’s
Mill in early 1848
▪ just days after Treaty of
Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed
ending Mexican-American War
 News of gold spread
▪ led to thousands of aspiring
gold miners arriving
 Gold seekers from all over the world arrived
▪ brought death, torture, starvation, disease
▪ wiped out food sources and natural resources
▪ settler population went from 800 to 100,000
(1848-1849)
▪ Sped up process of CA statehood
 US occupation and settlement exterminated
100,000+ California Natives by 1870